LV Grid Model Algorithms for Low, Medium and High Data Availability Scenarios

INTERPRETER has developed a lot of efforts to develop algorithms required by the Grid Modelling Tool, under low, medium and high data availability scenario. Reports regarding the low and medium data availability are confidential reports, whereas the report corresponding to high data availability is publicly available in the Results page.

Main objectives of the INTERPRETER algorithms are summarized hereafter:

Algorithms for Low Data Availability	Objectives
Network node connection	Create the grid layout from existing information. This algorithm involves all five grid model entities: Nodes, Lines, Transformers, Loads and PV generators
Parameter estimation (Transformer, Load, PV Generators, Cables)	Available information on grid elements is added or estimated from reference tables (e.g. cable type, nominal power, voltage levels).
Loading Scenarios (Load PQ Profiles, PV generation profiles, Transformer voltage profiles)	Create the loading output of the grid modelling tool. If sufficient historical data is available, the loading scenario is created combining time series from all loads, generators and transformers in the network. If data is missing, typical profiles from the data extrapolation will be employed.

Algorithms for Medium Data Availability	Objectives
Isolated areas	Locate isolated elements of a network model and connect them to the rest of the network.
Cable mistakes	Detect inconsistencies in the network model (e.g.: three-phase load connected to a single-phase line)
Phase location	Identify the phase to which each load in the network is connected.
Tap position	Detect the tap position of a secondary substation transformers

Algorithms for High Data Availability	Objectives
Power Flow Algorithm	Calculate the state variables of the power system given the states of its generators and loads.
Tap Optimisation Algorithm	Find the optimal tap settings of each transformer in the network.
State Estimation Algorithm	Find the state variables of the power system, but it requires many measurements from the network in order to produce a result of satisfying accuracy. In case the measurements are not enough, results from the PFA supplement the sufficient results.